Instructions

There are two clocks to configure in Linux, the hardware clock and the system clock. The hardware clock determines the system clock on system boot. While the system is running, changes to one of these don’t affect the other.

Note: it’s best to set the hardware clock and have the system clock be set upon a reboot. Changing the system clock by using the date program on a running system could cause date discontinuities and consequently problems. If you will be using ntpd, you probably don’t need to set either of these clocks (unless the current time is more than 1000s off the real time). Just setup ntpd and let ntpd adjust the time (it will do it in small steps to keep system timestamps reliable).

1. If convenient, use Red Hat’s date config tool.

# system-config-time
# system-config-date

The date config tool also allows you to setup ntpd, which will keep the system clock in sync with a remote server.

If using the dateconfig tool is not an option, follow the remaining steps to configure manually. For example, if you are using a non graphical terminal (dateconfig requires X windows), you must configure manually.

2. You can use timeconfig to configure the timezone and UTC settings. Time config will update /etc/sysconfig/clock and /etc/localtime.

3. Set the time zone manually if not already set.

Linux uses the file /etc/localtime to determine the time zone. This file should be either a copy of the appropriate timezone file from the directory /usr/share/zoneinfo or a symbolic link. If your time zone is incorrect, create a symbolic link to the appropriate timezone file.

# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asis/Kolkata /etc/localtime

4. Set whether hwclock uses local time or UTC

Edit the file /etc/sysconfig/clock and change “UTC=” to true or false. If you have a dual-boot system with Windows, using UTC may cause problems for Windows.

5. Set the system clock

# date MMDDhhmmYYYY.ss

where MM is month, DD is day, hh is hour, mm is minutes, YYYY is year and ss is seconds. Time should be in 24-hour notation.

To only set the time:

# date -s hh:mm:ss

6. Set the hardware clock

To set the hardware clock to the current system clock:

# hwclock –systohc
# hwclock –systohc –utc

Use the second option if you use UTC.

# hwclock –hctosys

To set hwclock to system default

Set hwclock manually:

# hwclock –set –date=”09/21/2010 16:10:05″

Everytime you use the hwclock –set command, it will create or edit the file /etc/adjtime to determine the systematic drift. Once you have some history, you can use the –adjust option to adjust the hardware clock appropriately. Run as a cron job if you want the clock to adjust automatically on a regular schedule. Don’t use the –adjust function when using ntpd since ntpd will turn the “11 minute mode” on, which is best left alone. See the hwclock manpage for more info.

7. Setup ntpd for automatic synchronization with a remote server.

Run Red Hat’s setup utility to make ntpd start on boot up and edit /etc/ntp.conf

Set server and fudge options:

# — GENERAL CONFIGURATION —
server aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd
server 127.127.1.0
fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10

# Drift file.
driftfile /etc/ntp/drift

Enable multicastclient:

multicastclient # listen on default 127.127.1.0

Edit /etc/sysconfig/ntpd if necessary. The default should be fine.

Start the ntpd daemon:

# service ntpd start

Reference:

http://www.linuxselfhelp.com/quick/clock.html

http://tldp.org/LDP/sag/html/basic-ntp-config.html

Example

Reference:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupee_sign
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D_Udaya_Kumar

http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/current-affairs/rupee-getsnew-symbol_470128.html

Font with Indian Rupee Symbol

http://blog.foradian.com/font-with-indian-rupee-symbol-download-and-us

]]> http://ankurganguli.wordpress.com/2010/08/12/indian-rupee-symbol/feed/ 0 ankurganguli 500px-Indian_Rupee_symbol.svg rs1k http://ankurganguli.wordpress.com/2010/06/25/port-redirection/ http://ankurganguli.wordpress.com/2010/06/25/port-redirection/#comments Thu, 24 Jun 2010 19:45:48 +0000 ankurganguli http://ankurganguli.wordpress.com/?p=167 […]]]> If you want to redirect all incoming TCP traffic on a predefined port (e.g. 80) to a custom port (say 8089) on the local machine, then xinetd is a good option. Xinetd, the Extended Internet Daemon, is an open-source super-server  daemon which runs on many Unix-like  systems and manages Internet-based connectivity. Below is the example of “http port redirection”.

Login to your Linux server as super user i.e. ‘root’.

Create a file under /etc/xinetd.d/ as http_redirector

# vi /etc/xinetd.d/http_redirector

Now add the following entries in the files.

service http_redirector
{
type = UNLISTED
disable = no
socket_type = stream
protocol = tcp
user = root
wait = no
port = 80
redirect = 127.0.0.1 8089
log_type = FILE /tmp/httpredirector.log
}

Restart the xinetd service.

That’s all you are done.